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Ukraine - constitutional model for the divided country
Gillern, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This diploma theses focuses on the possibility of federalization of Ukraine or autonomy of Donbas in order to ensure the stability of Ukrainian political system and societal cohesion. The bases for this is the analysis of the cleavages in both, Ukrainian society and its political space. The analysis is bases on definition of ideological dimensions presented by Arend Lijphart with some modifications with respect to is applicability on Ukrainian situation. This part of the theses therefore analyzes the language and religion questions, issue of foreign policy orientation, democratization and deoligarchization of Ukraine, the support for Ukrainian independence and territorial cohesion or the socioeconomic differences. On the bases of this analysis and the discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of such solutions for divided countries, the final part of the theses discusses the suitability of federalization of Ukraine and the autonomy for Donbas. Attention will be paid also to the question of the conditions for the stable functioning of unitary model in Ukraine. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The influence of peronism on the foreign policy of Argentina
Červenková, Eliška ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Beranová, Marie (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the foreign policy of peronist presidents of Argentina to evaluate the influence of peronist movement on its creation. The chosen presidents are Juan Domingo Perón, Carlos Menem and Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández Kirchner, whose government period will be assessed as one unit. After the basic theory, which includes foreign policy, presidential systems and cultural and historical characteristic and populism, the chosen periods are analysed. Evaluating criteria are the relationship of Argentina with the United States, Europe and Latin America. By comparing those governmental periods several common signs can be found. They are the protection and promotion of world peace, regional integration and diversification of commercial partner states regardless their ideology. Therefore the conclusion is that peronism has had a large influence on the foreign policy of Argentina.
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Foreign and Internal Changes in Venezuela under "chavismo" Governments
Taubmannová, Helena ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of economic, foreign and internal changes in Venezuela. The main aims of the thesis are to assess to what extent Hugo Chávez turned away from the previous era of the democracy of Punto Fijo and to explain which changes brought the new president Nicolas Maduro. The first chapter is theoretical and defines the division of political systems with a focus on the characteristics of Latin-American presidential systems. The second chapter focuses on the differences between the era of democracy of Punto Fijo and chavismo. The third chapter presents Venezuelan oil cycles which have an immense impact on an economic situation of the country, but also on the foreign policy. Further, the thesis analyses the government´s relations with the opposition and the armed forces. The conclusion of the analysis is that Hugo Chávez changed mainly the political environment, in economy he continued with an ISI policy and deepened the dependence on oil. His successor Nicolas Maduro faces to many problems. Venezuela is in a severe economic and political crisis for several years. The new president has to maintain the loyalty of the army at the cost of the growth of its political power. The invigorated opposition stands against Maduro and holds the majority in the National Assembly.
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Presidential systems
Křtěnová, Monika ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Ondřejková, Jana (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the presidential system as one of the distinguished alternatives of existing political systems in the present democratic society. This thesis is divided into three parts. The primary aim of the first part is to produce a brief overview of individual political systems and to outline their mutual differences through the description of their characteristics. The second part describes a specific political system in this world - namely the United States of America which became the source of inspiration for all subsequently established systems of this type. This part focusing on the United States is then divided into three separate chapters where each of them provides a view of particular branches of the government which form a constitutional system of the state together. These chapters offer not only the characteristics of these particular government branches and their central government bodies, but they also explain their mutual relationship and the control mechanism and particularly their relation to the President who is the key character of the entire presidential system, also his office and his powers. The main source of information, from which this part of the thesis proceeds, is the United States Constitution itself which is, as the supreme law of the state, the...
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Ukraine - constitutional model for the divided country
Gillern, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
This diploma theses focuses on the possibility of federalization of Ukraine or autonomy of Donbas in order to ensure the stability of Ukrainian political system and societal cohesion. The bases for this is the analysis of the cleavages in both, Ukrainian society and its political space. The analysis is bases on definition of ideological dimensions presented by Arend Lijphart with some modifications with respect to is applicability on Ukrainian situation. This part of the theses therefore analyzes the language and religion questions, issue of foreign policy orientation, democratization and deoligarchization of Ukraine, the support for Ukrainian independence and territorial cohesion or the socioeconomic differences. On the bases of this analysis and the discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of such solutions for divided countries, the final part of the theses discusses the suitability of federalization of Ukraine and the autonomy for Donbas. Attention will be paid also to the question of the conditions for the stable functioning of unitary model in Ukraine. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Presidential systems
Niklová, Dominika ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Pithart, Petr (referee)
The topic of my study is presidential system. I have chosen this topic because I am interested in situation of Latin America countries. These countries have decided to follow establishment of The United States. Many authors affirm that presidentialism is occasion of instability in these countries. The thesis is composed of ten chapters, which are divided into subsection or other parts. At the beginning I introduce political systems in our society. And I chose one of them, presidential system, to analyze in details. Chapter Two is about history of creation Constitution of The United States. This part of history is important because this Constitution is model for countries, which have decided for presidentialism. In this stage I explain the term presidential system and its particular signs. Without knowledge about it we don't understand how this system function. And we can't confront it with other political systems. Chapter Three describes presidentialism and its different forms. In my work I describe presidentialism in Latin America and in The United States. In Europe, there are many countries, which after year 1991 have decided for presidentionalism. But there always are relics of communism. There absent elements of democracy. In some of this countries govern strong presidents and we mark them like...
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Political transformation of Kyrgyzstan after 1991: At the crossroads between democracy and authoritarian regime
Znamenskiy, Vladimir ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Žídková, Markéta (referee)
The thesis "The political transformation of Kyrgyzstan after 1991: At the crossroads between democracy and authoritarian regime" focuses on the political development of Kyrgyzstan since independence in 1991 till nowadays. The thesis analyses the key aspects of the political development of the country, with particular emphasis on the specific role of local clans in the political system of Kyrgyzstan. The other analyzed subjects are inter-ethnic and interconfessional relations, constitutional development, electoral process and the phenomenon of the fall of regimes of Askar Akayev and Kurmanbek Bakiyev as a result of the Tulip Revolution and events of 2010.
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Presidentialism under conditions of multipartism. Analysis of sources of system stability in Latin American countries
Kerclová, Helena ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Němec, Jan (referee)
According to a lot of experts presidential systems under conditions of multipartism are leading to instability, because there is peril of executive-legislative deadlocks. This thesis is focusing on three stable countries under these conditions (Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay). The main goal of this thesis is to find out the sources of system stability of these three countries. The thesis analyzes them on the basis of four criteria (number of parties, ideological distance, party system institutionalization and simultaneous presidential and parliamentary elections together with electoral system). This thesis analyzes election results of these countries since their transition to democracy. The thesis demonstrated, that party system format is not crucial for stability. More important is his stability together with the same actors and unchangeable ties between them.
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